Film and Video Editing May Be the Most Important Part of Making Movies
To the novice, film and video editing sounds like one of those completely technical subjects, only possibly interesting to people with very logical and pragmatic minds, much like engineers. Visions of darkrooms and sterile-looking studios filled with all types of inexplicable mechanical equipment, where rolls of film negatives are poured over and scrutinized by serious-looking people, then diced, sliced and spliced back together, somewhat completes the overall mental picture. Clinical, stark, precise. But in actuality, film and video editing is much more than celluloid or electronic image surgery. In fact, it’s quite the opposite.Think of it this way; someone shoots a video of your favorite cousin’s wedding. The end product is a nice, mostly continuous documentation of the event, with abrupt starts and stops here and there when the main activity changes or moves to a different area or location that necessitates a different “shot”. The end result is a compilation of pictures and sound that is considerably better and hopefully more memorable and satisfying than still photographs, but still leaves a lot to be desired.However, if the same raw video was placed into the hands of a skilled editor, the end result would be quite different. The resulting piece would tell the story of the culmination of your cousin’s three-year romance, as narrated by several key family members. It would capture and convey to the viewing audience the couple’s wedding day emotions of love, and joy and appreciation for one another and family, anticipation of the new life the couple intends to create together, a bit of sadness for the life they are forever leaving behind, and so on. In other words, in the hands of a skilled editor, the video becomes a “story” with a beginning, middle and end; a cohesive synopsis of the couple’s romance. A day in the life…What most people not in the film or video industry don’t realize is that film and video editing is an art form. Editing is arguably the most important element of film or video production. It is in the editing, the art of arranging pictures and dialog and sounds, that a finished film product is able to communicate a story first envisioned by its writer, and subsequently by a director and producer to its intended audience. Days, weeks even months of shots captured on film or video must be studied, interpreted analyzed and finally distilled into a story lasting a fraction of the time it took to capture it all.People outside the film making industry have little or no idea about “post production” and the crucial part it plays in the production of a film or video work. It is because of the significant importance of this phase of film and video production that the process takes an extended amount of time to complete.Much more that cutting and splicing pieces of cellophane together or merely arranging video sequence, editing is a wonderful blend of technical knowledge and skill combined with an artist’s creativity and craftsmanship. It is moving, adding, deleting, juxtaposing, scenes, sounds, and images to develop film shots and video clips into a certain context, create specific imagery and timing, evoke particular emotion, create specific imagery and mold them into a story.Film editing as a craft began in the late 1890′s in the very earliest days of motion pictures. In the intervening years between then and now, anyone interested in learning about film or video editing, usually attended college courses or one of a number of reputable film schools to learn the craft.In his book, “The Technique Of Film And Video Editing”, considered one of the best teaching and training tools for directors , Ken Dancyger highlights the history of film editing from its origins. He speaks specifically about the editing of great cinematographers such as Alfred Hitchcock and Charlie Chaplin and Buster Keaton, taking a detailed look at the fundamental principles of film and video editing. He discusses ideas, practices and styles and choices for editors in the context of theory, the history of film and video editing, and practice. He also discusses new technology and the impact it has in terms of the art of editing.One of the greatest changes to film and video editing occurred with the introduction of computer editing. Hand cutting and splicing of film, as well as the more complicated, mechanical and “linear” process of video editing, became tedious and outdated with the advent of computer editing in the early 1990′s. Editing on computers gave rise to a whole new creativity prized by film editors, as well as lower costs and much more efficiency in terms of video editing.Whether for film or video, the editing process occurs in three basic steps. These include capture, the editing process itself, and putting the product in a distributable form. During the capture phase, the actual “shots” or picture images are compiled into a format from which they can be edited. During the actual editing process, the collection of shots are organized in a desired sequence and sound is added through “sound mixing” until they form a comprehensive storyline. Once this has been accomplished, the film or video is finalized in the desired format whether film or high-quality video for distribution.As technology continues to advance, the ways in which film and video are edited will continue to develop and progress. As it stands today, computers and user friend video editing software as well as the Internet have opened the doors to editing so that it is available to not only professional film and video editors. Now students of film and video and film making novices, as well as journalists, writers and the general public have unprecedented access to video editing tools. Several popular video editing programs make film and video editing possible for professionals as well as novice editors, including Avid Express Pro, Adobe Premier Pro, Sony Vegas, Final Cut Pro and Apple Final Cut Studio 2.With today’s technology and the advantage of personal computers, digital camera equipment and the availability of knowledge from new and increasingly powerful software programs, almost anyone with the desire, can learn film and video editing, produce commercial products and even feature movies from their home or personal studio.
Are cola drinks safe to drink in high volumes?
Sweet beverages currently have got themselves a horrible rap as not really currently being good for our health and wellbeing. Many experts have considered that sweet beverages really are a considerable reason for lots of diseases, which includes weight problems, type two diabetes, as well as dental caries. There exists research that has demonstrated that having just a can of cola might have negative influences on our bodies in a quite brief time. Studies have also shown that in the United States, around half will drink at least one sweet beverages on any day along with younger adults to be the most frequent consumers of sugary drinks including full strength cola. In every can of Coca-Cola, there is about 37 gms of added sugar, that is around ten teaspoons. The World Health Organization suggests ingesting a maximum of 6 tsp of added sugar daily. Due to the level of sugary drinks drank and how much sugar they contain as well as the risk this creates for overall health, then it’s obvious the potential trouble with this.
The sugar in cola really can give rise to a heightened risk for many medical ailments. Inside 20 minutes with consuming a cola the blood glucose levels raise producing a surge of the hormone insulin to be produced. Simultaneously the liver next converts the increased amounts of sugar directly into fat to put it someplace. The levels of caffeine in the cola will be all ingested within just about 40 minutes causing the eyes to dilate along with the blood pressure level to raise. The adenosine receptors within the human brain become clogged which has the result of blocking sleepiness. Soon after approximately five minutes producing dopamine has increased which in turn impacts the enjoyment along with reward centers with the brain, activating an urge to get other drink. After sixty minutes a sugar crash will commence that may cause irritation along with drowsiness. Coke has also processed salts which commonly affect some other physiological processes. Consuming large amounts of the substances might enhance the risk for medical problems. The Coca Cola corporation characteristically reacts to these complaints saying things like it is harmless to drink and could be appreciated as a part of a balanced lifestyle and diet.
Many different research projects as well as systematic reviews have confirmed a lot of perils associated with on a regular basis consuming Coca-Cola as well as other sugary drinks. They actually do fairly clearly raise bloodstream sugar levels promptly just after commencing to consume the beverage and they also do affect the pleasure centres of the brain in the same way as heroin. That numerous studies have also added to the data of a connection between sugary beverages as well as diabetes as well as generally seems to affirm the adverse effects of those sugary beverages on the human brain, renal system functionality, and also liver activity. Nevertheless, many of the research projects in this evaluation took place in rodents. The complete scope with the impact of sweet beverages on human beings just isn’t yet obvious, so right now there is unquestionably more investigation is essential. Having said all that, taking in Coca-Cola as well as sugar-sweetened beverages reasonably is not likely to get a severe effect on health and wellbeing. There are also ways the no-sugar as well as low sugar alternatives that may reduce the potential risk of issues.
Home Loans for Doctors and Other Medical Professionals
Medico Home Loans are available for Doctors and Other Medical Professionals
Are you a doctor? Do you want to buy a home? Do not worry about high interest rates and costly home loan packages. There are several lenders/credit providers who are willing to offer special deals and savings to you in the form of Medico Home Loans, because, you are considered to:
Have a lower than average delinquency rate; and
Be at a low risk of defaulting on your home loan repayments.
What Special Deals and Savings are available to Doctors and other Medical Professionals?
Certain lenders/credit providers are willing to help doctors and other medical professionals with a number of preferential discounts and benefits. These range from:
Discounted Interest Rates – Doctors and other medical professionals are being offered discounts off the standard variable interest rate home loan, which is more than what is being offered to many other consumers. It can add up to significant savings over the course of a 25 or 30 year home loan;
Higher Loan-to-Value Ratio (LVR) – Many specialist home loan packages for medical professionals come with a higher LVR percentage than a traditional home loan;
Lender’s Mortgage Insurance (LMI) – You are able to borrow up to an LVR of 90 per cent of the property value up to 2 million dollars and not have to pay LMI;
You may not have to pay any set up costs and application fees;
You can have access to easier cash out (home equity release loans); and
You can receive fast, streamlined loan approval even for the typical “hard loan approvals”.
Now that you know about the special deals and savings that are offered to you by lenders/credit providers, do not worry about the cost of home loans. If you are apprehensive of obtaining a loan, you can take help of an expert.
Contact a Medico Home Loan Expert
If you are looking to buy a home and want to finish the loan process quickly, you can contact an expert finance broker. He/she is professionally qualified and licensed in providing specialist home loan assistance to doctors. He/she will help you to negotiate a suitable loan package and will even help you to arrange finance:
If you are looking at establishing a medical practice in your local area; or
If you are looking to relocate to the country and establish a medical practice in a quiet country town.
Finance Me is a trusted finance brokerage firm for doctors. Contact the firm for pre-approved medico home loan for doctors.
How should children’s floor mats be selected? Let children have a happy childhood
How about children’s floor mats
Children’s floor mat is a modern floor mat specially tailored for children. Its most important role is to use the cleanliness of the floor mat for children to learn to crawl, walk and play functions. Generally, it can be used for laying in living rooms, children’s bedrooms, etc. It is also the first choice for tens of millions of families with children now.
General children’s floor mats will be of plain color or pattern, and most of them are in the form of small squares, which are spliced into a large-area floor mat by customers or children themselves. The hands-on ability can also promote parent-child communication.
Second the advantages of children’s floor mats
Children-crawling-mat are moderately soft and hard, and have good elasticity, which avoids the injury caused by children accidentally falling during the process of playing.
Children’s floor mats are moderately soft and hard, and have good elasticity, which avoids the injury caused by children accidentally falling during the process of playing.
The suitable object for laying children’s floor mats is dry and flat ground. Generally, the areas that are often laid are living rooms, bedrooms, study rooms and other places. Kitchens and bathrooms are not suitable for laying.
The service life is relatively long, and its bearing capacity is relatively strong.
It is easy to clean and more resistant to dirt.
Children’s floor mats are more environmentally friendly and safe. When touching children’s skin, it brings peace of mind and peace of mind to parents, allowing children to play better and safer.
Common patterns of children’s floor mats
Common Pattern
Puzzle
The puzzle here refers to the fact that many manufacturers now photocopy some cartoon patterns on small squares while making children’s floor mats. The individual small squares can intelligently see part of the pattern, and to see the whole pattern, you must All squares are spliced together for children. This children’s floor mat is suitable for children over 3 years old to play. It can not only exert children’s imagination, but also exert children’s hands-on ability, thereby promoting the development of children’s intelligence.
Common pattern
solid color
Children’s floor mats are made of multiple small squares. The most common pattern is that the small squares have no pattern and only one color. At this time, we can buy more than two colors of children’s floor mats for splicing, so that the floor mat presents Floor mats with different colors should be produced, but the colors of the floor mats here should not exceed three or more, so as to avoid the colors being too chaotic, the specifications cannot be found, and the appearance is cluttered, which will affect the psychology of children.
Common pattern
cartoon characters
Nowadays, children’s floor mat manufacturers basically print some cartoon characters on the surface of the floor mat, so that children can contact some characters with stories while playing, so as to establish children’s correct outlook on life, and at the same time add cartoon characters to compare Bright is the favorite character of children, which can stimulate children’s imagination and promote the development of children’s intelligence.
Three, children’s floor mat purchase
The purchase of children’s floor mats is very important, because it is related to some safety and environmental performance of children in the process of playing.
The first step of purchase: smell
The first step in the purchase of children’s floor mats is basically to smell the smell of the children’s floor mat.
Purchase Step 2: Thickness
The thickness of children’s floor mats is related to the safety of children’s playing. Generally, in summer, the floor mats can be relatively thin, and in winter, thicker floor mats can be selected. At the same time, test whether the softness and hardness of children’s floor mats are moderate. If it is hard, it will cause certain harm to children, so it is not suitable to buy.
The third step of purchase: flexibility
Check the elasticity of children’s floor mats. Generally, the stronger the elasticity is better. Suitable for children.
The fourth step of purchase:
View a series of certificates such as the certificate of conformity. Avoid buying poor quality floor mats.
Fourth, the price of children’s floor mats
Regarding the price of children’s floor mats, because there are many manufacturers producing children’s floor mats, their brands, specifications and materials are different, so their prices are also different. At present, according to the quotations of children’s floor mats in various regions, the price is about There are three stalls of 100-300, 300-500, and 500-800 yuan. For specific prices, consumers can go to local physical stores and specialty stores for consultation. Of course, consumers need to be reminded here that children’s floor mats are the most important. The purpose is to provide children with something to rest or play, so consider the purchase of children’s hobbies and the area of the room.
What are anti-ligature blinds?
Anti-ligature blinds are becoming increasingly popular in a range of different settings. The way these blinds differ from traditional blinds is that they are designed to prevent suicide by hanging.
Initially, uptake for this type of blind was largely restricted to high-risk environments such as psychiatric hospitals and prisons, where suicide is common. In mental health environments and detention centres, suicide via hanging is common and preventative measures must be implemented. A huge range of objects could be used to create a ligature point, meaning anti-ligature systems are highly important.
Over the years, anti-ligature blinds have been supplied to hospitals, schools, student accommodation and even hotels.
How do they work?
There are a range of different systems on the market, but the most reliable could well be the magnetic anti-ligature system. YewdaleKestrel® products utilise load release magnets which separate when a downward force is exerted on the product. This means that the product falls to the ground safely and prevents suicide via hanging.
The magnetic systems used in Yewdale’s products are highly reliable because magnets don’t lose their strength for hundreds of years, guaranteeing a lifetime of lifesaving functionality.
Anti-ligature blinds usually have a magnetic connection point above the blind’s barrel. The blind is easy to reconnect to the magnetic bracket after it has fallen to the floor.
If you are considering an anti-ligature blind, Yewdale is a highly recommended company. Based in the UK, Yewdale produce a wide range of anti-ligature products, commercial blinds, and healthcare products including hospital cubicle tracks and medical curtains.
Yewdale produce other anti-ligature products too including a soft, lightweight en-suite door and other accessories such as soap dispensers, toilet roll holder, shelves and artwork. You can see the full range on the website using the link below.
Complete weight loss strategy
For those who want to lose weight
Research on the causes of obesity, knowledge about weight loss, and various diets for weight loss are updated every year. However, with the update of knowledge and the release of diet pills one after another, the obesity rate continues to rise every year, and there is no sign of wanting to decline. I used to be very, very fat, and I am also a person who is prone to obesity.
So I understand the voices of fat people, I really want to lose weight, but I tried many ways to lose weight at that time without success.
I have tried the common boiled meals on the market, eating less and moving more, but it was not until I tried other diets that I managed to lose weight. After I lost weight, I began to study the essence and method of losing weight, and wrote him in this weight loss strategy article, hoping to help you.
A few key myths about losing weight
The weight loss myth of eating less and moving more
The phrase “eat less and move more” is actually true, but most people do it wrong. Many people think that they should eat less of everything, so they limit their calories to a very low level, and it feels a bit like eating an ultra-low-calorie fairy meal. Then, for the hyperactive part, the first thing that everyone thinks of is aerobic exercise such as running, cycling, etc., but in fact, this is a very short-term and easy way to regain weight, mainly because eating too little is an easy way to lose weight. The reason for the loss of muscle mass, coupled with the fact that aerobic training is not helpful for muscle mass growth, causes the metabolism to drop too much.
Maybe you can lose 5 kilograms in this way, but if your metabolism declines, you will easily regain the weight. And it’s all the fat that gets back up, not the muscle you lose that makes you look fatter than before. This is what we call the yo-yo effect, lose weight, get fat back, get fatter than before, lose weight, get back on Fat, get fatter than before.
Stop taking diet pills and meal replacements
At this time, you may start to seek other ways, eat weight loss meal replacements, taking diet pills, and so on. But believe me, most diet pills will inevitably hurt the body, especially the gastrointestinal tract. You may actually lose weight in the moment, but when your gastrointestinal tract is damaged, you will be fatter than before.
The key to understanding how to lose weight
You must have thought, why some people will not gain weight no matter what they eat, while some people will gain a kilogram the next day after eating a little bread? What is the cause of obesity? This is not a simple answer that can be solved!
You can see the link to the picture below, mainly talking about the influencing factors of obesity, which are very, very complicated.
Image source: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/296290/obesity-map-full-hi-res.pdf
In the middle of this picture is the heat balance
So we can know that calorie balance is very important
But this article doesn’t keep preaching that calorie balance is the key to losing weight like other sites
If you don’t know what calorie balance is, you can probably imagine that our body has calorie consumption (exercise, thermogenesis, basal metabolism), and calorie intake (eating).
When calorie consumption exceeds calorie intake, the weight will drop, so the truth of weight loss is to eat less and move more, very simple. In the short term, it is really possible to simply achieve weight loss by eating less and moving more, but simplicity is not simple, because the operation of the body is very complicated. Many people think that they can control their calorie consumption, that they can achieve a lot of calorie expenditure by running all the time, and that eating fairy meals (low-calorie meals) can reduce calorie intake and then easily lose it.
However, according to research, 90% of people who use calorie control, eat less and move more to lose weight will fail or regain the weight.
Because eating less and moving more for too long, metabolism will easily drop, hormones will easily become imbalanced, and muscle mass will easily be lost. Even if you lose 10 kilograms, you will easily regain weight.
When losing weight, the body is like a factory
For me, the key to long-term weight loss and maintaining good posture is the environment in the body, such as hormones, the level of inflammation in the body, and the gastrointestinal system.
Think of the body as a factory
-Your hormones are the managers and workers of factory operations
-Inflamed condition is how good factory machinery and hardware are
-Calorie intake is wages for factories as well as fuel
If the manager of this factory is an idiot, or if the hardware in your factory is completely rotten, then no matter how it works, it will create a pile of waste. Just as our hormones are already out of balance and the level of inflammation in the body is very high, no matter how much you eat, if you don’t solve the existing problems, it will easily accumulate into fat. It may be easier to understand with a few examples.
Hormones vs Weight Loss
This study looked at the effects of sleep and weight loss
Research source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20921542
Both groups of humans were calorie-restricted, but one group slept 5.5 hours a night and the other 8.5 hours. Both groups lost weight, but the group that slept less lost 55 percent less body fat and 65 percent more muscle mass than the group that slept more. It is equivalent to losing weight, but most of the loss is muscle mass, which reduces metabolism and makes it easy to regain weight later.
There is such a big difference mainly because poor sleep has a negative impact. The imbalance of the secretion of these things will easily increase fat and reduce muscle.
This next study looks at the effect of insulin sensitivity on body composition!
Research source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19471290
Basically, many chronic metabolic diseases, obesity, and poor muscle-building effects are closely related to low insulin sensitivity. Insulin is an anti-catabolic hormone whose main function is to store nutrients in cells. For example, after heavy training, our muscles will be more sensitive to insulin, and the nutrients we eat will be more easily absorbed into the muscles. When insulin sensitivity is low, the nutrients we eat are more likely to be stored as fat rather than absorbed into muscles.
We can simply say that the nutrients in the food eaten by people who are insulin insensitive are more likely to be stored as fat, and the relative fat mass will be much higher than the muscle mass.
To put it simply, the key to losing weight is actually to improve hormones, improve inflammation in the body, and add an appropriate calorie deficit. It is not difficult to achieve a calorie deficit. What is more difficult is how to choose the type of food that suits your body to improve hormones and achieve a long-term good body.
If you only pursue short-term weight loss and rely on a lot of calorie deficits to achieve the effect of weight loss, and then the hormones are still the same after the loss, then I can guarantee that you will gain weight very easily.
With so many ways to eat on the internet, which diet should I try?
When talking about losing weight in Taiwan 30 years ago, everyone would definitely want to use boiled meals
When it came to losing weight five years ago, everyone might think of using a low-sugar diet. When it came to losing weight in the past two or three years, everyone might directly think of the ketogenic diet.
I lost 30kg in 3 months on a low-sugar diet myself for the first time, so I used to believe that a low-sugar diet was the best way to lose weight
But after my long-term understanding of weight loss-related research, genetic cognition, and observation of students, there is no diet that is most suitable for everyone! Although it is said that high-carbohydrate foods will most stimulate insulin secretion, which in turn promotes the storage of nutrients into fat, some people are naturally good at metabolizing carbohydrates, so they can still be healthy and strong after eating high-carbohydrate throughout their lives.
For example, this study compared the responses of people with high and low insulin sensitivity to high- and low-carb diets.
Research source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1038/oby.2005.79
The study concluded:
-For people with high insulin sensitivity, eating high-carb and low-fat to lose weight is very helpful
-However, people who are insulin insensitive use a high-carb low-fat diet to lose fat, but the weight loss effect is not so good.
But on the contrary, studies have also shown that people with low insulin sensitivity have a very good weight loss effect on a low-carb high-fat diet, which shows that improving insulin is very important for weight loss, and it also shows that people with insulin insensitivity are more suitable
Lose weight with a high-carb diet.
So if you have been obese for a long time, you know that you eat carbohydrates easily, or you know that you have diabetes in your family and want to lose fat, then I would suggest that you can start by reducing carbohydrates, which is what we call low carb diet!
The Negative Impact of E-Levy on Mobile Banking.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Mobile Banking is a service provided by a bank or other financial institution that allows its customers to conduct financial transactions remotely using a mobile device such as a smartphone or tablet.
Electronic Transaction Levy or “E-Levy” is a tax applied on transactions made on electronic or digital platforms.
ADVANTAGES OF MOBILE BANKING
Mobile banking offers numerous benefits such as ease of transaction, convenience, time-saving, managing your finances, and budgeting. Some advantages of Mobile Banking in remote areas include:
Financial Inclusion — mobile banking offers convenient and easy banking services to people in remote areas. Thus, it allows banking on the go and offers all benefits of a banking system to rural areas without the presence of a financial institution.
Accessing the bank 24/7 — Mobile banking provides ubiquitous banking services without the need to visit the bank to have access to services. This offers time to benefit and ease of transacting at a distance.
Cost-benefit — Mobile banking saves the banks the cost of building physical infrastructures (branches) and maintaining branches and staff. Also, reduced costs on the customer side since the burden of visiting the bank for services is eliminated.
Improving resilience in the face of poverty — Mobile money acts as both a savings vehicle and a means of transferring funds during times of economic or environmental shocks.
Strengthening the formal economy — For many micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), opening a mobile money account can facilitate access to formal financial services. Mobile money is well placed to address the issue of informality that blights many developing economies and hampers domestic resource mobilization efforts. Mobile Money enables ease of transacting, thus increasing business profits for MSMEs.
Facilitating economic growth — Mobile money has been shown to contribute to economic growth by increasing both productivity and per capita incomes
DISADVANTAGES OF E-LEVY ON MOBILE BANKING
The design of mobile money taxation policy appears to be the antithesis of a well-designed tax system. The disadvantages include:
Inequity — Mobile money taxes as currently structured to create inequity in the tax system. As the tax is mostly borne by the poor and users of the services are subject to additional taxation (unlike bank or cash transactions), the principles of both horizontal and vertical equity in the tax system are contravened.
Uncertainty -. Uncertainty and lack of transparency over taxation systems can have a direct impact on the operations of the tax authority, increasing enforcement costs, as well as discouraging investment.
Inconvenience — The administration of mobile money transaction taxes creates an inconvenience for MMPs who must calculate and collect the tax on the revenue authority’s behalf. There is an additional inconvenience for users of the service for whom remote digital transactions become more expensive or out of reach if they revert back to cash.
Inefficiency — Badly designed mobile money taxes have been shown to have a distortionary impact on demand for mobile money services. This in turn has had negative impacts on overall tax takes, as well as impacting the attainment of national economic and development goals.
EFFECT OF MOBILE BANKING — CASE STUDIES
The decision to impose taxes on mobile bank transactions will trigger so many problems.
Ghana — According to The Fourth Estate Ghana; Although the government projects a 24% decline in transactions when the levy is finally implemented, preliminary findings published by the bank of Ghana indicate the value of mobile money transactions had dropped by 3.2 billion in December 2021, less than 2 months after the proposal to introduce E-levy.
Uganda — An e-levy of 1% introduced in 2018 has led to an overall drop in the person-to-person transaction by more than 50%, and a 24% drop in industry transactions within the same year the tax was introduced according to a report by Global system for mobile communication (GSMA).
Congo — An e-levy of 1% was introduced in 2019. The government had to reverse the tax on cash outs only due to negative results of the levy on Mobile money users such as a decline in mobile money agents (unemployment) and high-value withdrawals by people.
Other countries include Benin (5%) and Cameroun (0.2%). In all these countries, the e-levy has imposed a negative effect on the economy and people. If we want to ensure the financial inclusion of people in rural areas, we need to ensure that we encourage mobile banking by withdrawing the e-levy tax.
Reference:
https://thefourthestategh.com/2022/03/16/e-levy-this-is-what-happened-when-other-african-countries-passed-it/
Purohit, S., & Arora, R. (2021). The benefits and challenges of mobile banking at the Bottom of the pyramid. Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government Vol, 27(1).
Charles G. Kpan, Jr. is an Information Technologist with over 5 years of experience in the provision of Information Technology Services and an emphasis on Web Development and Visual Branding. He’s the managing Director of CYGEC IT SOLUTIONS INC. and holds a bachelor’s Degree in Information Technology from Blue Crest University, Liberia.